装饰涂料 化学品

Effect pigments used in decorative coatings include: aluminum flakes (brilliant metallic appearance, 10–200 µm leafing or non-leafing), natural and synthetic mica coated with metal oxides (pearlescent/interference effects), borosilicate glass flakes (high luster), and holographic pigments. Color-shifting and sparkle intensity depend on particle size, shape, aspect ratio, and coating layer thickness on mica substrates.

Decorative texture effects use texture additives: quartz sand (coarse texture 0.3–2 mm), hollow glass microspheres (lightweight smooth texture), polypropylene or polyethylene granules (flexible texture), cork granules (natural texture), and cellulose fibers. Application technique (roller, brush, trowel, spray) determines the final pattern. High PVC formulations above CPVC create intentional porosity for matte and velvet textures.

Soft-feel coatings use low-Tg polyurethane dispersions (Tg of -30 to -10°C) or acrylic-polyurethane hybrids to create a rubber-like, skin-feel surface. PTFE, polyamide, and silicone wax additives further enhance slip and velvet feel. Film thickness is critical — typically 40–80 µm DFT for the soft effect. Crosslinking with aziridine or polyisocyanate improves durability and chemical resistance without sacrificing tactile softness.