建筑密封胶 化学品
建筑密封胶原料包括硅酮基聚合物（PDMS）、硫化聚硫、聚氨酯预聚体、丙烯酸分散粘合剂、碳酸钙填料、增塑剂、交联剂和粘合促进剂，用于幕墙接缝、外墙膨胀缝、窗户玻璃密封和防水应用。
常见问题 — 建筑密封胶 化学品
What are the main sealant technologies used in building construction?
Silicone sealants dominate high-performance glazing and structural applications for UV stability, wide service temperature (-60°C to +200°C), and long-term joint movement accommodation. Polyurethane (PU) sealants offer paintability and good adhesion to concrete, masonry, and wood. Modified silicone (SMP/SPUR) hybrids combine silicone weathering resistance with PU paintability. Acrylic latex sealants are low-cost options for interior gaps with low movement.
How is joint movement capability defined for construction sealants?
Joint movement capability (±% of joint width) defines the sealant's ability to accommodate thermal, seismic, or structural movement. ISO 11600 classifies sealants by movement accommodation: Class 25 (±25%), Class 12.5 (±12.5%), and Class 7.5. Structural silicone glazing (SSG) uses ISO 11600 Class 25 sealants. Joint width is designed to limit sealant elongation to within 25% of its movement capability during worst-case thermal cycling.
What fillers and plasticizers are used in construction sealants?
Ground calcium carbonate (GCC) and precipitated CaCO3 are primary extender fillers — surface-treated with stearic acid or silane for improved dispersion in silicone and PU systems. Fumed silica provides reinforcement and thixotropy. Plasticizers (diisononyl phthalate, TXIB, phthalate-free alternatives) adjust modulus and elongation. Filler loading significantly affects sealant modulus — high-modulus sealants use less filler; low-modulus formulations use higher filler content.
What adhesion promoters improve sealant bonding to glass and metal?
Silane adhesion promoters (aminosilane, epoxysilane, vinylsilane) are the primary adhesion promoters for construction sealants. Aminosilanes (APTES, AMMO) bond well to glass, concrete, and metals in silicone and PU systems. Titanate coupling agents improve adhesion to aluminum. Surface primers containing silane provide a pre-treatment layer for demanding substrates. Adhesion is validated per ISO 8339 and ASTM C794.
What are the requirements for structural silicone glazing (SSG) sealants?
Structural silicone glazing sealants must pass ETAG 002/EAD 090010 qualification: tensile adhesion >0.14 MPa maintained after water immersion, UV aging, and heat aging. Structural bite calculation per EN 13022 defines minimum sealant width. Two-part silicone SSG systems allow quality control via butterfly test (mix ratio). One-part moisture-cure SSG needs controlled application conditions — minimum 35% RH for full cure of deep sections.
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